编者按：中国美食的烹饪方法有很多种，蒸煮煎炸烤，每一样都是特色的烹饪方法，这些常用的方法用英语应该怎么说呢?
“Picture the scene: In the restaurant, you want to order some fried dumplings but there is only steamed ones.....So today, to make our life easier, let’s see some Chinese words about cooking.”
1
蒸(zhēng)
to steam
蒸(zhēng) is one of the basic cooking ways in China. There are a huge amount of Chinese snacks which are steamed, such as Chinese rice cake. Generally, steamed dishes are less flavored, so they are not that popular in people who prefer spicy food. However, they are popular in Guangdong Province. People there believe it’s the best way to keep the original taste and nutrition of food. Now it’s a trend to eat steamed food again. People realize it’s not healthy to eat too much salt and oil. Steamed foods are the best choice to keep healthy.
2
煮(zhǔ)
to boil
煮(zhǔ) is also basic. People boil dumpling, noodle, and even rice (though it’s more common to use rice cooker now). And it’s also an efficient way to make food tender.
3
炒(chǎo)
to fry
炒(chǎo) can be the most popular way to cook Chinese food, especially vegetables. Just heat the pan. Add some oil. Put some garlic if you like. Then put vegetables in hot oil. You may hear a loud sound when the vegetables are put in the pan, due to the water on them. For some Chinese people, it’s the sound of home.
3
煎(jiān)
to fry
煎(jiān) is a popular way to make western food, which is different from炒(chǎo). In general, people use a pan with a flat bottom to 煎(jiān) food with less oil and usually fry the two sides of foods. While when cooking in 炒(chǎo), they stir the food.
4
炸(zhá)
to deep fry
I believe 炸(zhá) food is the most popular one in the world. People, especially children love it. In Shanghai, there are 炸鸡店 (zhájī diàn, fried chicken shop)everywhere. When 炸(zhá), a lot of oil is needed. It’s more like “to deep fry” in English.
5
烤(kǎo)
to grill;to bake; to roast
烤(kǎo) is interesting. It can be to grill, to roast (in an oven) or to bake. For instance, people love 烧烤(shāokǎo, barbecue). One of the most famous dishes among foreigners is definitely 北京烤鸭(běijīngkǎoyā, Peking Duck). And we can say 烤面包(kǎo miànbāo, to bake bread) or 烤蛋糕(kǎo dàngāo, to bake cake).
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